Parásitos, infecciones o bacterias incrementan intolerancia a lactosa, revela estudio

Si tras tomar leche siente náuseas, gases, cólicos, diarrea, distensión abdominal y otros malestares es intolerante a la lactosa, cheque por qué...

Ciudad de México.- La Secretaría de Salud Jalisco (SSJ) recomienda a la población tener cuidado al ingerir lácteos, ya que no todas las personas producen adecuadamente la lactasa y son intolerantes a esta enzima, que se encarga de digerir el alimento.

La nutrióloga de la SSJ, Sigrid Pimentel Martín, explicó que la lactosa es el azúcar que se encuentra en la leche y otros productos lácteos, mientras que el intestino delgado se encarga de producir una enzima llamada lactasa para llevar a cabo su digestión.

«Cuando el intestino delgado no es capaz de digerirla o la produce en pequeñas cantidades, la leche y otros productos lácteos producen síntomas como náuseas, gases, cólicos, diarrea, distensión abdominal y otros malestares», expresó Pimentel Martín.

Los síntomas se producen cuando la lactosa no absorbida en el intestino delgado (donde se absorben la mayoría de los nutrientes), llega al colon donde es fermentada por las bacterias intestinales, produciendo flatulencia, hinchazón, cólicos y en individuos con muy baja tolerancia o después de ingerir grandes cantidades de lactosa, diarrea.

Asimismo, Pimentel señaló que algunas de las causas para que se presente esta condición son cirugías del intestino, infecciones en el intestino delgado a raíz de virus, bacterias o parásitos (con mayor frecuencia en niños, pero también puede ocurrir en adultos), además de enfermedades intestinales.

«No ingerir leche en la alimentación puede llevar a una carencia de calcio, vitamina D, riboflavina y proteína, por lo que se recomienda encontrar nuevas maneras de obtener calcio en la dieta», aseguró.

Pimentel Martín agregó que también existe la opción de agregar enzimas de lactasa a la leche normal o tomarlas en cápsulas o en forma de tabletas masticables para facilitar la digestión y aminorar las molestias.

La leche sin lactosa

¿Puede tomar un intolerante a la lactosa un vaso entero de leche sin lactosa ? La respuesta es sí.

¿Tendrá síntomas negativos, dolor abdominal, acidez? No.

¿Porque puedo estar seguro de esto? Porque la lactosa ya no está presente en la leche, está desdoblada en sus dos azúcares simples: la galactosa y la glucosa. Estos azúcares le dan a la leche sin lactosa un ligero sabor dulce.

¿Cuales son los beneficios de la leche sin lactosa?. Nos permite un consumo regular de leche para garantizar un buen estado nutricional y un buen aporte de calcio en nuestra dieta. Elimina los síntomas asociados al consumo de leche en las personas que no toleran bien la lactosa.

Consumo de yogur y quesos en los intolerantes a la lactosa

El yogur se tolera mejor porque la fermentación reduce la lactosa a la mitad y además los cultivos de bacterias que se utilizan en la fermentación, ayudan a fermentar la lactosa presente.

Si tenemos una intolerancia alta, también existen yogures sin lactosa en el mercado.

Quesos

Se toleran mejor porque su digestión es más lenta y porque tienen menos lactosa si son quesos curados (fermentados).

Alimentos precocinados, pasteles, helados…

Es recomendable leer el etiquetado de los alimentos preparados o precocinados porque pueden llevar en su composición, lactosa, leche en polvo, leche, suero lácteo, nata. Algunos yogures, sobretodo desnatados llevan leche en polvo añadida para mejorar la textura, estos yogures contienen más lactosa.

Contenido en lactosa, gramos por 100g
Leche de vaca 5 – 4,3
Leche de cabra 4,5
Leche de oveja 5,1
Leche en polvo desnatada 53
Leche condensada 12,3
Quesos Frescos: Requeson – Queso Quark – Queso Porciones 2,7 – 2,4 – 2,5
Quesos Curados < 1 o trazas
Nata 2,4
Mantequilla 0-0,5
Yogur 2,7
Yogur que contiene leche en polvo 4,7 – 5

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